Cover Toshiko Mori, founder and principal of New York-based Toshiko Mori Architect, PLLC and Vision Arc

Discover how these eight female Asian architects have been breaking ground and making a profound impact on architecture as we know it today

Louise Blanchard Bethune was the first American woman known to have worked as a professional architect. The New York native was named the first female associate of the American Institute of Architects (A.I.A.) in 1888 and its first female fellow in 1889.

Since Bethune, women have been proving their passion and talent for design and architecture in a male-dominated profession, some of whom have shaped the history of architecture.

Today, Dame Zaha Hadid is spoken in the same breath as the greats. However, it is a paradox that even in the 21st century, architecture can still be a challenging career path for women, with gender inequality being a common occurrence.

Here are eight inspiring female Asian architects whose careers have and continue to challenge the profession’s boys’ club while impacting the industry.

Read more: 8 designing women: Meet the first ladies of Malaysian design

1. Kazuyo Sejima

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SANAA
Above Kazuyo Sejima, co-founder of SANAA (Photo: Columbia GSAPP/ WikiCommons)

Kazuyo Sejima is the co-founder of Sejima and Nishizawa and Associates (SANAA), one of the most influential Japanese studios in contemporary architecture.

In 2010, SANAA was awarded the Pritzker Prize, making Sejima the second woman to receive the prestigious accolade. Born in 1956 in Mito, Ibaraki, Sejima graduated from Japan Women's University and worked under Toyo Ito before establishing her own practice.

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Photo 1 of 2 Bocconi University, Milan (Photo: Plumbago Capensis/ WikiCommons)
Photo 2 of 2 New Museum, New York City (Photo: MusikAnimal/ WikiCommons)

SANAA’s work includes many successful public buildings in Japan and around the world such as the New Museum in New York City, the Christian Dior building in Omotesando in Tokyo, the new Urban Campus for Bocconi University in Milan, and the Louvre-Lens Museum in France.

SANAA’s unnervingly simple-looking projects that showcase an ethereal aesthetic has become synonymous with contemporary Japanese architecture.

See also: Home Tour: A Minimalist House Inspired By the Work of Japanese Architect Tadao Ando

2. Maya Lin

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Maya Lin
Above Maya Lin, architect and artist (Photo: Sharon Styer/ WikiCommons)

Celebrated architect and artist Maya Lin was born in 1959 in Athens, Ohio, and catapulted to fame when her design won a national competition for a Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC, while she was still a senior at Yale University.

This made her the youngest architect and first woman to design a memorial on the National Mall. Her fiercely modern and minimalist design was initially met with controversy but was finally built in 1982. 

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Maya Lin
Above Civil Rights Memorial fountain, Alabama (Photo: JW1805/ WikiCommons)

Today, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is recognised as the definition of a modern approach to war, with its unsentimental and clear-eyed approach.

Since then, Lin has been very successful in the territory of minimalist structures although the austerity of her work is still striking enough to evoke emotion and deep thoughts in viewers.

With nearly 30 years of practice, Lin has completed various projects, including large-scale art installations, residential and institutional architecture, and memorials in the US and around the world. These focus on nature and sustainability, followed by her signature minimal design and goal of making a place for individuals within the landscape.

Don't miss: 6 ways to create a warm minimalist space

3. Lu Wenyu

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Lu Wenyu
Above Lu Wenyu, co-founder of Amateur Architecture Studio (Photo: @maxdewdney/ Instagram)

Based in Hangzhou, Lu Wenyu met her husband, Wang Shu, while they were both studying architecture at the Nanjing Institute of Technology.

The couple founded Amateur Architecture Studio in 1997. Lu deliberately chose the name as a rebuke of the “professional, soulless architecture” practised in China.

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Lu Wenyu
Above Ningbo History Museum (Photo: 钉钉/ WikiCommons)

In direct contrast, the studio focuses on traditional and craft-based practices in their work, celebrating natural materials such as wood, stones, and mud. Notable works include the Huang Gongwang Museum, Ningbo History Museum, and Ningbo Tengtou Pavillion, a new campus for the China Art Academy.

This impressive body of work led to the studio being awarded the Pritzker Prize in 2012.

Read more: Asia’s Richest 2022: 10 female billionaires who topped the Forbes list

4. Revathi Kamath

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Revathi Kamath
Above Revathi Kamath (Photo: Hemant12345/ WikiCommons)

Born in Orissa (now known as Odisha), India, in 1955, Revathi Kamath was equally comfortable championing mud architecture and building glittering skyscrapers.

The Delhi School of Planning and Architecture graduate worked in various architecture, furniture and urban planning practices before setting up Revathi and Vasant Kamath with her husband Vasant in 1981.

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Revathi Kamath
Above Desert Resort in Mandawa, Rajasthan (Photo: @teriin.org/ Instagram)

Her experiences with tribal communities in her early career years left her inspired by nature and people. She was considered a pioneer of mud architecture with projects like the Desert Resort in Mandawa, which led to several of her projects being nominated for the prestigious Aga Khan Award.

She is also credited with designing India's tallest stainless steel structure (a 33-metre-high gateway) for the superthermal power plant at Raigarh, Chhattisgarh. Revathi passed away on July 21, 2020, at 65. 

See also: Home Tour: A Pretty Pastel Mumbai Apartment With Transformable Bedrooms

5. Toshiko Mori

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Toshiko Mori, founder and principal of New York-based Toshiko Mori Architect, PLLC and Vision Arc
Above Toshiko Mori, founder and principal of New York-based Toshiko Mori Architect, PLLC and Vision Arc (Photo: @toshiko.mori.architect/ Instagram)

Born in Kobe, Japan, in 1951, Toshiko Mori was passionate about science, engineering, art, and philosophy during her teenage years in Japan. She chose to study architecture because it combined all those subjects in a fascinating way at Cooper Union during the 1970s.

Upon graduation, Mori worked for modernist Edward Larrabee Barnes, a Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer student. In 1995, Mori became the Harvard Graduate School of Design’s first tenured female professor. 

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Toshiko Mori
Above The Syracuse University Center of Excellence in Energy and Environmental Systems (Photo: @toshiko.mori.architect/ Instagram)

Mori established her own New York-based practice, Toshiko Mori Architect, in the 1980s and built a reputation for innovative and influential work in a diverse body of projects that have received numerous design awards.

Her work is known for an intelligent approach to ecologically sensitive siting strategies, historical context, and innovative use of materials reflecting a creative integration of design and technology.

Projects include urban, civic, institutional, cultural, residential, museum and exhibition designs such as a New York City theatre, library, museum projects, the Hudson Yard Park and Boulevard, and several projects in Senegal celebrating material exploration, technological invention and theoretical provocation.

Don't miss: Home Tour: A Malaysian condo revamped with a modern Parisian aesthetic

6. Marina Tabassum

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Bangladeshi architect Marina Tabassum (Photo: Instagram / @trienaldelisboa)
Above Bangladeshi architect Marina Tabassum (Photo: @trienaldelisboa / Instagram)

For over three decades, Bangladeshi architect Marina Tabassum has been renowned for her contemporary designs that prioritise environmental sustainability, social responsibility and cultural sensitivity. 

So much so that in 2022, Tabassum was honoured with the Lifetime Achievement Award at the lauded Lisbon Triennale, becoming the first South Asian to receive this prestigious accolade for her thoughtful and contextually-driven approach to design, and continuous impact to elevate the environmental and living condition of communities in the country.

Read more: Meet Natalya J Ho, of the Joyce retail empire, who’s making her own mark in interior design

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Photo 1 of 2 The Bait Ur Rouf Jame Mosque won the 2016 Aga Khan Award for Architecture (Photo: @dezeen / Instagram)
Photo 2 of 2 Natural light and ventilation in the column-free prayer hall (Photo: @ribajournal / Instagram)

With her Dhaka-based architectural firm Marina Tabassum Architects (MTA), Tabassum’s most notable project that stood against the global pressure of consumer architecture is the elemental Bait Ur Rouf Jame Mosque that clinched the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2016. 

Completed in 2012 with modest community funds and upon land donated by her own grandmother, the 7,200 sq ft mosque features a striking load-bearing brick façade and a cylindrical reinforced concrete volume inside, facilitating the rotation of the column-free prayer hall while also formulating natural light and ventilation.

See also: 5 community-led projects by Riken Yamamoto, winner of Pritzker Prize 2024

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Photo 1 of 2 The 12-storey Comfort Reverie residential building (Photo: City Syntax via @reverie_architecture / Instagram)
Photo 2 of 2 The Hamidur Rahman Memorial Complex (Photo: City Syntax)

Among Tabassum’s other notable works is the 12-storey Comfort Reverie residential building, known for its innovative brick façade designed to provide shade and promote airflow. 

Additionally, the Hamidur Rahman Memorial Complex, a previously dilapidated site, is renewed with a pitched roof, open-air concrete promenade, and separate structures comprising two pavilions, a private museum, and a weekend house with a loft-like living area.

Don't miss: Ms Elliot: A sustainably reimagined space in Kuantan, Malaysia

7. Rossana Hu

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Rossana Hu of the renowned design firm Neri&Hu in Shanghai (Photo: Instagram / @neriandhu)
Above Rossana Hu of the renowned design firm Neri&Hu in Shanghai (Photo: @neriandhu / Instagram)

As one half of the renowned interdisciplinary design firm Neri&Hu based in Shanghai, Taiwanese American architect Rossana Hu is celebrated for her adept fusion of traditional Chinese aesthetics with modern design principles across a diverse array of projects.

Embracing a global perspective that transcends disciplinary boundaries, Hu’s approach to architecture prioritises dynamic interactions between experience, detail, material, form and light, eschewing formulaic styles for innovative, experiential designs.

Read more: 6 highly anticipated architectural projects set to complete in 2024

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Photo 1 of 2 The Suzhou Chapel with a double-layered white volume façade (Photo: Pedro Pegenaute via @neriandhu / Instagram)
Photo 2 of 2 The luminous 12-metre high main chapel space within (Photo: Pedro Pegenaute via @neriandhu / Instagram)

Among her impressive portfolio with Neri&Hu, notable examples of Hu’s works include the Suzhou Chapel, characterised by its floating double-layered white volume set amidst undulating brick walls, while inside, a luminous 12-metre high main chapel space captivates with its interplay of light and shadow.

The inner layer a simple box is punctuated with scattered windows, and the outer a folded and perforated metal “veil” that shimmers in the daylight, and emits soft glow like a jewel-like beacon at night.

See also: 7 awe inspiring modern churches worldwide

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Photo 1 of 4 The Sulwhasoo grand flagship store in Seoul (Photo: Pedro Pegenaute via @neriandhu / Instagram)
Photo 2 of 4 The brass structured interior with timber flooring, custom light fixtures and wooden counters (Photo: Pedro Pegenaute via @neriandhu / Instagram)
Photo 3 of 4 The Qujiang Museum of Fine Arts takes the idea of a monolithic urban monument (Photo: Zhu Runzi via @neriandhu / Instagram)
Photo 4 of 4 Solid cast-in-place concrete base with diamond-shaped red travertine masonry units (Photo: Zhu Runzi via @neriandhu / Instagram)

Meanwhile, the Sulwhasoo grand flagship store in Seoul draws inspiration from the cultural significance of lanterns in Asian history. Featuring a continuous brass structure within a timber-floored interior, the space is adorned with custom light fixtures and wooden counters with inserted solid stone blocks.

The Qujiang Museum of Fine Arts evokes the concept of a monolithic urban monument. The building features an interior with a solid cast-in-place concrete base, and stone columns and glass curtain walls, whereas a hollowed-out bowl shaped outdoor amphitheatre is made of diamond-shaped red travertine masonry units arranged at intervals to accentuate the light transmission.

Don’t miss: How distinguished architect Lillian Tay built one of Malaysia’s top architectural practices

8. Sumaya Dabbagh

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Sumaya Dubbagh from the Gulf region (Photo: Courtesy of Middle East Architect)
Above Sumaya Dubbagh from the Gulf region (Photo: Courtesy of Middle East Architect)

With her architectural roots tracing back to Bath University, the Saudi architect embarked on a distinguished career journey that began in London and Paris, before culminating in the Gulf region in 1993.

Her unique design sensibility influenced by both Western and Middle Eastern cultures has won the founder of Dabbagh Architects the Principal of the Year award at the 2019 Middle East Architects Awards, and a finalist at The Tamayouz Award for Women of Outstanding Achievements.

Read more: 5 extraordinary buildings that capture the spirit of ‘Dune’

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Photo 1 of 2 The crisp façade of the Gargash Mosque (Photo: Gerry O'Leary via @dabbagharchitects_ / Instagram)
Photo 2 of 2 A contemporary design of the traditional Islamic geometry (Photo: Gerry O'Leary via @dabbagharchitects_ / Instagram)

These accolades underscore her commitment to bridging cultural and gender divides in the UAE, while advocating for the transformative power of good design–a mission she championed through her instrumental role in establishing the RIBA Gulf chapter in 2009.

Breaking barriers as one of the first female architects in the UAE to design a place of worship, Dabbagh’s crowning achievement was the Mosque of the Late Mohamed Abdulkhaliq Gargash in Dubai’s Al Quoz community.

See also: The Great White: How to use (more than) 50 shades of white correctly

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Photo 1 of 2 The Mleiha Archaeological Centre nestled in the Sharjah deserts (Photo: Nuno Luciano / Flickr)
Photo 2 of 2 Concentric walls that ripple out from the Bronze Age tomb in the centre (Photo: Gerry O’Leary, Rami Mansour via @dabbagharchitects_ / Instagram)

Honoured with the 2021 Architecture Master Prize in the cultural category, the mosque’s design highlights a triangular pattern that references the traditional Islamic geometry with contemporary aesthetics. While a surah verse from the Quran wraps around the prayer hall, creating a spiritually enriching space where patrons transition from the outer material world to an inner sense of being.

Equally impressive is the Mleiha Archaeological Centre, nestled in the Sharjah deserts—a testament to Dabbagh’s nuanced approach to contextual architecture. Characterised by concentric walls rippling out from a central 4,000-year-old Bronze Age tomb, the centre harmoniously integrates the indoor museum and cafe, with the outdoor walkways, desert gardens and contemplation areas.

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