Bosjes Chapel, Western Cape, South Africa (Instagram/@steynstudio)
Cover Bosjes Chapel, Western Cape, South Africa (Instagram/@steynstudio)

From Rotterdam to Nagasaki, these amazing modern churches bridge divinity with architecture

The traditional definition of church space has evolved with the advent of modernist architecture. While most expect architectural features like domes, steeples, stained glass windows, and a cruciform layout, modern churches feature a more reduced construction style and minimalist design language.

Space, lines, light and sound—the essential components of the experience of architecture, are still captured in these modernist interpretations. However this abstract approach renders the traditional church form and iconography superfluous.

We choose seven modernist churches and chapels that create a profound experience while inviting all to ponder the divine and find solace.

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1. Ribbon Chapel, Hiroshima, Japan

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Photo 1 of 2 Ribbon chapel, Hiroshima, Japan (Photo: Hiroshi Nakamura and NAP)
Photo 2 of 2 Ribbon chapel, Hiroshima, Japan (Photo: Hiroshi Nakamura and NAP)

Ribbon Chapel is a wedding chapel that stands in a garden of a resort hotel, Bella Vista Sakaigahama, in Onomichi, Hiroshima. The graceful structure is crafted by Hiroshi Nakamura & NAP Co, fusing two ascending staircases to symbolise marital unity.

The design employs minimalist elegance and expert engineering against the scenic backdrop of the resort’s coastal expanse. By joining two spiral stairways to support the other, the twin spirals seamlessly connect at their 15.4m summit to form a single ribbon.

At the core of their movement is a chapel where ceremonies are carried out. The chapel aisle looks toward an existing symbol tree which forms the altar’s backdrop, while the 80 seats are positioned for ocean views.

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2. Northern Lights Cathedral, Alta, Norway

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Northern Lights Cathedral, Alta, Norway (Photo: WikiCommons/DXR)
Above Northern Lights Cathedral, Alta, Norway (Photo: WikiCommons/DXR)

The Northern Lights Cathedral in Alta, Norway, stands as an architectural ode to the celestial spectacle it’s named after. Designed by Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects, the people of Alta had requested not only a new church but an architectural landmark that would underline the city’s role as a public venue from which the natural phenomenon of the northern lights could be observed.

As such, its 47-metre-high glass façade captures the ethereal dance of the auroras, infusing the interior with vibrant hues. The structure’s sharp angles and sleek lines evoke a modern elegance, while its translucent titanium surfaces filter natural light to create a spiritual ambience.

Within the central space of the cathedral, the sanctuary offers a serene counterpoint to the building’s dynamic outer appearance. The choice of materials becomes apparent—concrete for the walls and wood for the floors, panels, and ceilings—emphasising the cathedral’s deep-rooted Nordic influence.

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3. The Sanctuary, Suzhou Chapel, China

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Photo 1 of 3 The Sanctuary, Suzhou Chapel, China (Photo: Neri&Hu)
Photo 2 of 3 The Sanctuary, Suzhou Chapel, China (Photo: Neri&Hu)
Photo 3 of 3 The Sanctuary, Suzhou Chapel, China (Photo: Neri&Hu)

The Sanctuary, Suzhou Chapel in China showcases a captivating blend of modern architecture and traditional design elements. Designed by the Shanghai-based Neri&Hu Design and Research Office, it harmoniously merges a minimalist aesthetic with Chinese cultural references.

Its asymmetrical roofline pays homage to Suzhou’s iconic gardens, while its white concrete façade reflects modernity. Inside, natural light filters through the intricate wooden lattice panels, casting mesmerising patterns.

The fusion of textures, such as polished stone floors and exposed brick walls, adds depth to the space. The Sanctuary exemplifies architectural storytelling, bridging past and present and inviting contemplation within its thoughtfully curated ambience.

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4. Pauluskerk, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Pauluskerk, Rotterdam, Netherlands (Photo: WikiCommons/AgainErick)
Above Pauluskerk, Rotterdam, Netherlands (Photo: WikiCommons/AgainErick)

Envisioned by British architect Will Alsop, the Pauluskerk church in Rotterdam, Netherlands, epitomises an avant-garde approach to church architecture.  Part of the Calypso mixed-used development project, Alsop’s distinctive approach brings vibrancy to the ecclesiastical space.

The structure’s playful curves and bold colour palette challenge conventional aesthetics, creating a visually striking presence. With its asymmetrical forms and dynamic lines, the church defies traditional norms. The interior continues this unconventional narrative, emphasising fluidity and interaction. 

See also: 6 architectural landmarks to visit in Singapore

5. Community Church, Knarvik, Norway

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Photo 1 of 4 Community Church, Knarvik, Norway (Photo: Instagram/@reiulframstadarkitekter)
Photo 2 of 4 Community Church, Knarvik, Norway (Photo: Instagram/@reiulframstadarkitekter)
Photo 3 of 4 Community Church, Knarvik, Norway (Photo: Instagram/@reiulframstadarkitekter)
Photo 4 of 4 Community Church, Knarvik, Norway (Photo: Instagram/@reiulframstadarkitekter)

The Community Church in Knarvik, Norway, exemplifies a harmonious blend of architectural ingenuity and community-oriented design. Crafted by Reiulf Ramstad Architects, the church’s modern form integrates seamlessly into the picturesque landscape.

Its wooden facade pays homage to local craftsmanship while exuding contemporary simplicity. The interior radiates tranquillity through expansive windows that frame natural vistas, while the spatial arrangement fosters a sense of togetherness with an open hall for gatherings.

The Community Church transcends conventional religious architecture, embracing inclusivity and functionality, making it a serene yet dynamic hub for the community’s spiritual and communal pursuits.

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6. Agri Chapel, Nagasaki, Japan

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Photo 1 of 3 Agri Chapel, Nagasaki, Japan (Photo: Yu Momoeda Architecture Office)
Photo 2 of 3 Agri Chapel, Nagasaki, Japan (Photo: Yu Momoeda Architecture Office)
Photo 3 of 3 Agri Chapel, Nagasaki, Japan (Photo: Yu Momoeda Architecture Office)

Yu Momoeda Architecture Office’s Agri Chapel in Nagasaki, Japan, encapsulates architectural poetry and functional elegance. The chapel’s minimalist design blends with the rural surroundings, creating a serene aesthetic.

Its folded, origami-like structure is a harmonious marriage of wood and white walls, exuding simplicity and modernity. The play of light and shadows through geometric openings offers a contemplative ambience.

The internal structure's unique shape mirrors hands pressed in prayer, resonating with spiritual symbolism.

Read more: 5 iconic minimalist landmarks to see in your lifetime

7. Bosjes Chapel, Western Cape, South Africa

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Photo 1 of 2 Bosjes Chapel, Western Cape, South Africa (Photo: Instagram/@steynstudio)
Photo 2 of 2 Bosjes Chapel, Western Cape, South Africa (Instagram/@steynstudio)

London-based Steyn Studio's Bosjes Chapel in Western Cape, South Africa, is a masterclass in architectural innovation and spiritual resonance.

The chapel’s undulating form gracefully emerges from the landscape, marrying design with its vineyard locale. This wave-like roof echoes the silhouette of surrounding mountain ranges and pays tribute to the historic Cape Dutch gables dotting the rural landscapes of the Western Cape.

Its pristine white curves blend with the surroundings, while the reflective pool mirrors the structure’s captivating beauty. Inside, a minimalist palette and soaring ceiling create a sense of grandeur, and the extraordinary window behind the altar frames breathtaking views. 

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